- cloth masks
- surgical masks
- N95 masks
- two surgical masks
- a KN95 and any other type of mask
- an N95 and any other type of mask
Coughing simulation
In the coughing simulation above, researchers evaluated the effectiveness of:
- a cloth mask alone
- a surgical mask alone
- a cloth mask covering a surgical mask (double mask)
Researchers found that when a cough was simulated, the double mask blocked 85.4 percent of the aerosol particles. This is compared to 51.4 percent and 56.1 percent for the cloth and surgical mask, respectively.
Breathing simulation
The breathing simulation investigated several situations using two models of a human head. One of the models generated aerosol particles (source) while the other was exposed to them (recipient).
Researchers found that:
- When the source was wearing a double mask and the recipient was not, the aerosol exposure of the unmasked recipient was reduced by 82.2 percent.
- When the recipient was wearing a double mask and the source was not, the aerosol exposure of the double-masked recipient was reduced by 83 percent.
- When both the source and the recipient wore a double mask, aerosol exposure was reduced by 96.4 percent.
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